Volume 1 : Issue 1, November 2011

Table of Contents, November 2011

Research Title/ Field

Article (Abstract)

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PII: S225204301100001-1


Using GIS Technology in Disaster Management and Control In urban

Original Article, A1
Haji Alizadeh J, Kamal Alavi SV, Rashidi A.
Journal. Civil Eng. Urban. 1(1): 01-04. 2011.

ABSTRACT: Disaster management is a process in which we should summon all plans, organizations, and control groups to encounter a hard moment and offer the results to managers for decision making based on the current situation. The aim of this research is to estimate the environment of disaster management from the vision of information technology (IT), geospatial information services, and geospatial data management systems. To achieve this goal, four phases of disaster management, namely mitigation, preparedness, response, and recovery are discussed. Moreover, the specifications of a constructive information system are mentioned. Also, the needful data to implement a GIS for disaster management is argued. In the end, the results obtained from this study indicated that there is an urgent need for governmental agencies to being in contact more and more in order to employ geospatial information services in managing a disaster as much as possible.
Keywords:
GIS, Management of Technology, T-GIS, Disaster Management, Database

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PII: S225204301100002-1


Analytical Evaluation of Uncertainty Propagation in Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Tehran Using GIS 

Original Article, A2
Jahanpeyma MH, Delavar M.R.
Journal. Civil Eng. Urban. 1(1): 05-09. 2011.

ABSTRACT: One of the properties of geospatial information systems is their use in supporting spatial decision making under uncertainty. It is a complex process which is considered in different situations. The existence of uncertainty in geospatial data and various analyses has the potential to expose users to undesirable consequences in their decision making. Nowadays, natural disasters, particularly earthquake, are among the most important disturbances to sustainable development of countries and governments try to manage them in an optimum manner. They would typically try to decrease the amount of financial damages and loss of lives that would occur because of the events. In this research, geospatial information science/system has been implemented to estimate the seismic vulnerability and its probable damages for a particular scenario in Tehran. We applied fuzzy logic concepts to well-known analytical hierarchical process for the damage assessment. Based on this modified approach we developed a hierarchy of effective factors in earthquake vulnerability due to definition of their priorities against a given earthquake scenario.The effect of uncertainty in geospatial data and analysis functions which are applied in estimating Tehran seismic vulnerability would affect the quality of decision making for estimating the damages. In this paper, we analyzed the implemented geospatial data of population statistics, building information, maps, digital terrain models, and satellite images in the process of studying Tehran’s seismic vulnerability. In this research, we used Monte Carlo simulation approach for uncertainty modeling. We compute the statistical parameters for seismic vulnerability in various iterations of Monte Carlo process. After that we extract the relationship between the number of Monte Carlo process and relative variation of seismic vulnerability’s layer variance. For instance, in order to achieve double precision, the number of iterations must increase four times.
Keywords: Uncertainty, GIS, Seismic Vulnerability, Analytic Hierarchy Process, Monte Carlo Simulation

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PII: S225204301100003-1

Two-Dimensional Topology Structure between Vector Layers in GIS

Original Article, A3
Parvinnezhad Hokmabadi D, Alesheikh A.A, Jahanpeyma MH, Rahmanizadeh A.
Journal. Civil Eng. Urban. 1(1): 10-14.2011.

ABSTRACT: Queries in Spatial databases, such as Geographic Information Systems, are often based upon the relationships among spatial objects. Unfortunately, currently used GIS software do not support complete topological structures. As such, answering topological queries is time consuming, if not impossible. In this paper, the 9-intersection model is implemented using ActiveX and Dynamic Link Library (DLL) Technologies. The main characteristic of this package is to create complete topological relationships between 2D objects in a GIS environment. Results of the test have shown the superiority of the proposed structure versus current commercial GIS software.
Keywords:
Topological Relationships, 9-Intersection Model, Logical Operations, Topological Queries, Spatial Queries

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PII: S225204301100004-1


Determinants of Satisfaction in Apartment Industry: Offering a Model

 Original Article, A4
Zadkarim S, Emari H.
Journal. Civil Eng. Urban. 1(1): 15-25.2011.

ABSTRACT: This study wanted to determine dimensions of customer satisfaction. For this purpose, researchers developed a model by taking an experiential view. In this article, a standard questionnaire was used for collecting the data and, the authors report a comparative study that was conducted on two samples of real customers at apartment industry (low income and high income) in Iran. The results from a low income sample revealed that the customer satisfaction is influenced more by customer cost and product quality than other constructs. Moreover, the role of customer satisfaction as a mediating factor in the intention of word of mouth is supported. In contrary, in high income sample customer satisfaction influenced more by product quality and service quality than other constructs. In addition, the role of customer satisfaction as a mediating factor in the intention of word of mouth is rejected. A notable advantage of the model developed in this study is that, it covers essentially all the quality issues an apartment customer may encounter (i.e. physical or product, service, and environment).
Keywords:
Apartment Industry,Customer Satisfaction, Service Quality, Word of Mouth

 

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PII: S225204301100005-1


A Wavelet-Genetic Programming Model for Predicting Short-Term and Long-Term Air Temperatures

 Original Article, A5
Kisi O, Shiri J and Nazemi AH.
Journal. Civil Eng. Urban. 1(1): 26-38.2011.

ABSTRACT: A new conjunction wavelet-gene expression programming (WGEP) method for predicting air temperature values is proposed in this paper. The conjunction method combines the discrete wavelet and genetic programming methods. The daily and monthly air temperature data from two weather stations of Mahabad and Urmieh in Iran were used as case studies and the accuracy of the single gene expression programming (GEP) and wavelet-gene expression programming (WGEP) models were compared with each other. First, the daily air temperatures were used as inputs to the GEP and WGEP models to forecast one-, two- and three day as well as thirty-day ahead air temperatures. Then, the monthly air temperatures were used as inputs to the GEP and WGEP models to forecast one-month ahead air temperatures. The comparison results indicated that the WGEP model significantly increased the accuracy of single GEP model especially in forecasting long-term (thirty-day and one-month ahead) air temperatures. The thirty-day and one-month ahead air temperatures of the Mahabad Station were also estimated using the data of nearby Urmieh Station. It was found that the WGEP model performed much better than the single GEP model in cross-station application.
Keywords: Air temperature, discrete wavelet, genetic programming, cross application

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PII: S225204301100006-1


Assessment of risk caused by earthquake in region 1 of Tehran using the Combination of RADIUS, TOPSIS and AHP Models

 Original Article, A6
Sarvar H, Amini J, Laleh-Poor M.
Journal. Civil Eng. Urban.
1(1): 39-48. 2011.

ABSTRACT: Tehran, one of the important cities of Iran, is in great risk against earthquakes because several active faults are located into or around it. The significance of this metropolis from the economic and political point of view, high population and risks of possible earthquake has drawn the attention of urban managers to this problem. On this basis, to confront the probable risks and reduce the negative effects of this phenomenon, it is indispensible and of important objectives of Tehran urban management to investigate the seismic vulnerability of the city. With respect to this important issue, region 1 of Tehran municipality was selected as the study area because of its proximity to the active faults at north of Tehran. The study method and the analysis of the gathered data were performed using the methods based on information database, ­RADIUS, TOPSIS and AHP models, and the software based on the Geographical Information System. Variables such as the buildings location in proportion to faults, type of materials, oldness of the buildings, number of floors, population density, soil type, slope of the region, and pathway network were used for the research and the region vulnerability using 3 probable earthquake scenarios were investigated. Results indicated that region 1 of Tehran municipality is vulnerable against earthquakes.
Keywords:
Earthquake vulnerability, Region 1 of Tehran Municipality, RADIUS, TOPSIS, AHP.

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PII: S225204301100007-1


An evaluation of impressionableness structural systems under the condition of foundation and bed resistance

Original Article, A7
Zare HR, Dehghani M.

Journal. Civil Eng. Urban.
2(1): 49-52. 2011.

ABSTRACT: The analysis of the structures under the influence of the earthquake load is usually done independent of the conditions and the soil variable under them. In other words, the bed of the structure location is supposed to be rigid. In these conditions seismic excitation in the bed of the structure is conducted in the form of a displacement with acceleration with time (or equivalent force). What happens in reality is that the structure is situated on the soil environment as a flexible bed, and from the view point of dimension as semi-infinite and earthquake vibrations from its source reach the foundation of the structure by passing from this environment which results in soil-structure interaction. The flexibility of the structure foundation and the emission of system energy by the waves in the infinite environment of soil (radiation depreciation) are two important results of soil-structure interaction phenomenon. One of the methods of considering the above-mentioned phenomenon in the analysis of the structure-supposing the elastic linear behavior of the soil environment-is by using SSI equivalents by which we have analyzed frame structures and shear wall frame structures under the earthquake load by considering SSI. By extraction of base shear amounts and displacement of the head of the structures under the influence of different earthquakes quantitative and different results have been obtained in a way that mentioned amounts strong dependence on the stiffness of the structure, stiffness of the soil, the kind of the earthquake ,etc. For this reason, the amount of the base shear and displacement in shear wall frame structures is more different from frame structure system in a way that these variations have twofold decrease or increase in a shear wall frame structure comparison with a frame structure system. This matter and the subsequent results reveal the necessity of paying attention to SSI in analysis and design of important structures from the view point of safety factor economic issues.

Keywords: Soil–structure interaction, frame structure, shear wall, stiffness

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PII: S225204301100008-1


Analysis of relative Flows in the Catchments without Gauging Station; Case Study: West of Urmia Lake Basin

 

Original Article, A8

Azhdan, Y., Majedi-Asl, M., Daneshfaraz, R.

Journal. Civil Eng. Urban. 1(1): 53-56. 2011.

ABSTRACT: An important factor for designing soil and water projects is the estimation of annual runoff volume at project location, with no precise runoff data. One common method for estimation of the runoff is through meteorological parameters and physical characteristics of the region. The present paper attempts to complete the statistics from partial stations via linear regression and the randomness of the data was tested by the RUNTEST test and its results were satisfactory. Modeling relative annual and monthly runoffs in Iran is an essential task for precise planning of water projects engineering in catchments without hydrologic statistics and data. One important factor to be considered in understanding the catchments' hydrologic behavior is investigation of output currents in different time periods of daily, monthly, and annual scales. Thus, this study attempts to use multivariate linear regression to provide a decent model for estimation of annual runoff for the catchments of the Nazloo-Cahi, Barandooz-Chai, Shahr-Chai and Roze-Chai Rivers in the west of Urmia Lake.

Keywords: Watershed, Annual Runoff, Rainfall, Physical Characteristics, Multivariate Regression, Urmia Lake

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